diff --git a/inventory-backend/app/api/v1/transactions.py b/inventory-backend/app/api/v1/transactions.py
index 20b3fcf..900ab22 100644
--- a/inventory-backend/app/api/v1/transactions.py
+++ b/inventory-backend/app/api/v1/transactions.py
@@ -41,6 +41,16 @@ def get_current_user_info():
     return user.id if user else None, user.role if user else None
 
 
+def _current_username():
+    """获取当前登录用户的用户名（姓名/账号），用于操作人展示；避免把 JWT 数字 ID 存进记录"""
+    identity = get_jwt_identity()
+    if not identity:
+        return 'System'
+    from app.models.system import SysUser
+    user = SysUser.query.get(identity)
+    return user.username if user else str(identity)
+
+
 def filter_item_by_permissions(item_dict, user_permissions, prefix='op_records'):
     """
     根据用户权限过滤 item 字典，无权限的字段值置为 None
@@ -102,9 +112,10 @@ def scan_borrowed_item():
 )
 def submit_return():
     data = request.get_json()
-    user = get_jwt_identity()  # 库管
+    # ★ 归还人存"姓名"，而非 JWT 数字 ID
+    operator_name = _current_username()
     try:
-        TransService.process_return(data, operator_name=user)
+        TransService.process_return(data, operator_name=operator_name)
         return jsonify({'code': 200, 'msg': '还库成功'})
     except Exception as e:
         return jsonify({'code': 400, 'msg': str(e)}), 400
@@ -131,9 +142,9 @@ def scrap_borrow():
     if not record_ids:
         return jsonify({'code': 400, 'msg': '请选择要报废的借出记录'}), 400
 
-    user = get_jwt_identity() or 'Unknown'
+    operator_name = _current_username() or 'Unknown'
     try:
-        result = TransService.scrap_borrow(record_ids, operator_name=user, reason=reason)
+        result = TransService.scrap_borrow(record_ids, operator_name=operator_name, reason=reason)
         return jsonify({'code': 200, 'msg': f'已报废 {result["count"]} 条借出记录', 'data': result})
     except ValueError as e:
         return jsonify({'code': 400, 'msg': str(e)}), 400
@@ -374,7 +385,7 @@ def dispatch_borrow():
         borrow_no = TransService.execute_dispatch(
             approval_id=approval_id,
             items=data.get('items', []),
-            operator_name=get_jwt_identity(),
+            operator_name=_current_username(),
             borrower_name=data.get('borrower_name'),
             signature=data.get('signature_path'),
             remark=data.get('remark'),