diff --git a/src/utils/extract_water_area.py b/src/utils/extract_water_area.py
index 1c6711b..0331567 100644
--- a/src/utils/extract_water_area.py
+++ b/src/utils/extract_water_area.py
@@ -163,16 +163,17 @@ def extract_water(ndwi, threshold=0.3, data_ignore_value=0):
     return water_region
 
 
-def ndwi(file_path, ndwi_threshold=0.4, output_path=None, data_ignore_value=0):
+def ndwi(file_path, ndwi_threshold=0.4, output_path=None,
+         data_ignore_value=0, sieve_threshold=20):
     if output_path is None:
         output_path = append2filename(file_path, "_waterarea")
 
     dataset_in = gdal.Open(file_path)
-    im_width_in = dataset_in.RasterXSize  # 栅格矩阵的列数
-    im_height_in = dataset_in.RasterYSize  # 栅格矩阵的行数
-    num_bands_in = dataset_in.RasterCount  # 栅格矩阵的波段数
-    geotrans_in = dataset_in.GetGeoTransform()  # 仿射矩阵
-    proj_in = dataset_in.GetProjection()  # 地图投影信息
+    im_width_in = dataset_in.RasterXSize
+    im_height_in = dataset_in.RasterYSize
+    num_bands_in = dataset_in.RasterCount
+    geotrans_in = dataset_in.GetGeoTransform()
+    proj_in = dataset_in.GetProjection()
     del dataset_in
 
     green_wave = 552.19
@@ -182,10 +183,19 @@ def ndwi(file_path, ndwi_threshold=0.4, output_path=None, data_ignore_value=0):
 
     ndwi = calculate_NDWI(green_band_number, nir_band_number, file_path)
 
-    water_binary = extract_water(ndwi, threshold=ndwi_threshold)  # 0.4
+    water_binary = extract_water(ndwi, threshold=ndwi_threshold)
 
     write_bands(file_path, output_path, water_binary)
 
+    # ★ 去除小碎斑：SieveFilter 消除面积 < sieve_threshold 像素的孤立斑块
+    if sieve_threshold > 0:
+        ds = gdal.Open(output_path, gdal.GA_Update)
+        if ds is not None:
+            srcband = ds.GetRasterBand(1)
+            gdal.SieveFilter(srcband, None, srcband, sieve_threshold)
+            ds.FlushCache()
+            ds = None
+
     return output_path