diff --git a/src/gui/core/worker_thread.py b/src/gui/core/worker_thread.py
index 3ac0aab..fc7659b 100644
--- a/src/gui/core/worker_thread.py
+++ b/src/gui/core/worker_thread.py
@@ -229,6 +229,11 @@ class WorkerThread(QThread):
 
     def run(self):
         """运行 pipeline：子线程内切换 Matplotlib 为 Agg，避免 Qt5Agg 在后台线程绘图导致界面卡死。"""
+        import os
+        # GDAL 环境变量保护（放在最前面，防止路径/编码问题）
+        os.environ['GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8'] = 'YES'
+        os.environ['SHAPE_ENCODING'] = 'UTF-8'
+
         mpl_prev = None
         try:
             import matplotlib
diff --git a/src/gui/panels/step7_panel.py b/src/gui/panels/step7_panel.py
index c8b13c9..a819201 100644
--- a/src/gui/panels/step7_panel.py
+++ b/src/gui/panels/step7_panel.py
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ class Step7Panel(QWidget):
                 deglint_path = os.path.join(self.work_dir or '', deglint_path).replace('\\', '/')
             self.deglint_img_file.set_path(deglint_path)
 
-        # 2. 填充水域掩膜路径（优先从 pipeline.step_outputs 获取绝对路径）
+        # 2. 填充水域掩膜路径（优先级：pipeline.step_outputs > step1_panel > 1_water_mask > input-test）
         water_mask_path = None
         if pipeline and hasattr(pipeline, 'step_outputs'):
             step1_outputs = getattr(pipeline, 'step_outputs', {}).get('step1', {})
@@ -162,6 +162,26 @@ class Step7Panel(QWidget):
         # 回退：从 step1 面板 widget 直接读取
         if not water_mask_path and hasattr(main_window, 'step1_panel'):
             water_mask_path = main_window.step1_panel.output_file.get_path()
+        # 备选：扫描 1_water_mask 目录下的 .dat 文件
+        if not water_mask_path and self.work_dir:
+            mask_dir = os.path.join(self.work_dir, "1_water_mask")
+            if os.path.isdir(mask_dir):
+                dat_files = [f for f in os.listdir(mask_dir) if f.lower().endswith('.dat')]
+                if dat_files:
+                    water_mask_path = os.path.join(mask_dir, dat_files[0]).replace('\\', '/')
+        # 备选：扫描 input-test 目录（优先匹配 water_mask_from_shp.dat）
+        if not water_mask_path and self.work_dir:
+            input_test_dir = os.path.join(self.work_dir, "input-test")
+            if os.path.isdir(input_test_dir):
+                dat_files = [f for f in os.listdir(input_test_dir) if f.lower().endswith('.dat')]
+                # 优先匹配 water_mask_from_shp.dat
+                for f in dat_files:
+                    if 'water_mask_from_shp' in f.lower():
+                        water_mask_path = os.path.join(input_test_dir, f).replace('\\', '/')
+                        break
+                # 否则取第一个 .dat 文件
+                if not water_mask_path and dat_files:
+                    water_mask_path = os.path.join(input_test_dir, dat_files[0]).replace('\\', '/')
 
         if water_mask_path:
             # 若为相对路径，使用 work_dir 合成为绝对路径
diff --git a/src/utils/sampling.py b/src/utils/sampling.py
index 87971bf..0030c13 100644
--- a/src/utils/sampling.py
+++ b/src/utils/sampling.py
@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
-from src.utils.util import *
-import math
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+采样点生成模块 - 提供分块采样和光谱数据提取功能
+"""
+
 import os
+import math
+
+# GDAL 环境变量保护（放在最前面，防止路径/编码问题）
+os.environ['GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8'] = 'YES'
+os.environ['SHAPE_ENCODING'] = 'UTF-8'
+
 import numpy as np
 from osgeo import gdal, ogr
 import spectral
 from scipy import ndimage
+from src.utils.util import write_bands
+
 try:
     from skimage import morphology
     from skimage.morphology import skeletonize, medial_axis
@@ -87,6 +98,12 @@ def get_spectral_sampling_points_chunked(bil_file, water_mask_shp, severe_glint=
     ogr.UseExceptions()
 
     try:
+        # ---------- 路径归一化 + 存在性检查 ----------
+        bil_file = os.path.abspath(bil_file).replace('\\', '/')
+        print(f"[路径检查] 去耀斑影像: {bil_file}")
+        if not os.path.exists(bil_file):
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"【后端错误】无法在磁盘上找到指定的去耀斑影像: {bil_file}")
+
         # 打开bil文件
         dataset_bil = gdal.Open(bil_file)
         if dataset_bil is None: